INTRODUCTION TO CELLS
KEY POINTS
International-mindedness:
Stem cell research has depended on the work of teams of scientists in many countries who share results thereby speeding up the rate of progress. However, national governments are influenced by local, cultural and religious traditions that impact on the work of scientists and the use of stem cells in therapy.
STEM CELLS
The stem cells are the first cells to appear, from them all the others cells come from. They have the habilitation to regenerate lost tissue and create new organs. Some doctors use stem cells to treat Stargardt’s disease.
Therapeutic use of stem cells from specially created embryos, from the umbilical cord blood of a new-born baby and from an adult’s own tissues.
- According to the cell theory, living organisms are composed of cells.
- Organisms consisting of only one cell carry out all functions of life in that cell.
- Surface area to volume ratio is important in the limitation of cell size.
- Multicellular organisms have properties that emerge from the interaction of their cellular components.
- Specialized tissues can develop by cell differentiation in multicellular organisms.
- Differentiation involves the expression of some genes and not others in a cell’s genome.
- The capacity of stem cells to divide and differentiate along different pathways is necessary in embryonic development and also makes stem cells suitable for therapeutic uses.
International-mindedness:
Stem cell research has depended on the work of teams of scientists in many countries who share results thereby speeding up the rate of progress. However, national governments are influenced by local, cultural and religious traditions that impact on the work of scientists and the use of stem cells in therapy.
STEM CELLS
The stem cells are the first cells to appear, from them all the others cells come from. They have the habilitation to regenerate lost tissue and create new organs. Some doctors use stem cells to treat Stargardt’s disease.
Therapeutic use of stem cells from specially created embryos, from the umbilical cord blood of a new-born baby and from an adult’s own tissues.
Stangardt's Disease:
Is a disease that degenerate the retina of you eyes and makes you blind,but now you can use stem cells to regenerate the retina of the eye so you can see again!!
Why cell looks different?
•multicellular organisms can differentiate into a variety of interdependent cell types
–each specialized to carry out a subset of functions a greater efficiency
•cellular differentiation
–achieved through differential gene expression
–all cells in an organism have identical DNA
Source: Biology class.
Cell Differentiation in Multicellular Organisms
In multicellular organism like ourselves usually start out with one single cell. That single cell has the ability to reproduce at a very rapid rate, and the resulting cells then go through a differentiation process to produce all the required cell types necessary for our organism.
Theory of knowledge:
There is a difference between the living and the non-living environment. How are we able to know the difference?
The Living things are only humans, animals and plants. And nonliving things are objects like books, rock, beds, etc. The living things need nutrition, air, rest and a climate were they can survive or they might die. Nonliving things don't need this things to survive. A big difference is that all the living things are made of cells, not even one exception have been found, and the non-living things doesn't have cells. The living environment has to have a temperature stable so the living things can survive while the non-living things can be at any temperature. Also the living things need air to survive instead of the non living organism.
There is a difference between the living and the non-living environment. How are we able to know the difference?
The Living things are only humans, animals and plants. And nonliving things are objects like books, rock, beds, etc. The living things need nutrition, air, rest and a climate were they can survive or they might die. Nonliving things don't need this things to survive. A big difference is that all the living things are made of cells, not even one exception have been found, and the non-living things doesn't have cells. The living environment has to have a temperature stable so the living things can survive while the non-living things can be at any temperature. Also the living things need air to survive instead of the non living organism.